Leeds History plus UK Major Events:  1461-1649

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House of York

Edward IV 1461-70, 71-83

Edward IV (Yale English Monarchs)      Edward IV (Yale English Monarchs)

1455 to 1487 Wars of the Roses between the House of York and the House of Lancaster 
1476 William Caxton, the First English Printer

Edward V 1483

Edward V was not crowned

Richard III 1483-5

Richard III was probably responsible for the murder of the 2 young princes in the The last English king to die on the battlefield, at the battle of Bosworth.

House of Tudor

Henry VII 1485-1509

Defeated Richard III at the battle of Bosworth. Not really a legitimate heir to the throne, made legitimate by his marriage to Elizabeth a descendent of William the conqueror

Henry VIII 1509-47 - 6 wives

The Children of England: Heirs of King Henry VIII     The English Wars and Republic, 1637-1660 (Questions and Analysis in History)         Henry VIII: King and Court     

King Henry VIII desperately wanted a male heir to the throne and thus started the saga of his 6 wives, the break away from the Catholic religion and Henry setting himself head of the Church of England, and later the dissolution of the monasteries

16th Century Wool processing takes off in West Yorkshire and the population of Leeds increases to around 3000 towards the end of the century
16-17th Century Buildings in Briggate were half timbered jettied houses. These were replaced from the 17th Century onwards to brick built cloth merchants houses. The best surviving examples are in Queens Court and Lamberts yard. The latter is now private flats with a gate preventing entry. It well worth having a quick look up the various courts off Lower Briggate and Briggate to see the emerging building that has started to take place. The Whip Inn yard, the Angel yard, and the Ship Inn yard are all worth a visit. Note the council run guided tours of these courts.
1534 John Leyland, later to become antiquary to King Henry VIII, made a tour through England and wrote of Leeds: ‘Miles lower than Christal Abbay on Aire Ryver, is a praty Market, having one Paroche Chirche reasonably welle buildid.. The Toun stondith most by Clothing’.
1539 Kirkstall Abbey Dissolved
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Edward VI 1547-53

Died age 15

1552 Leeds Grammar School was founded

Lady Jane Grey 1553

The true heir was Mary, but Mary was a Catholic the establishment established Lady Jane a protestant to the throne. Lady Jane was murdered by Mary literally days later

Mary I 1553-58 - Bloody Mary

Mary I died age 42 but not before she had many protestants killed, hence known as "Bloody Mary"

Elizabeth I 1558-1603 - The Virgin Queen

Elizabeth, Mary's cousin stated that she would be head of the church of England, but did not mind if her subjects were catholic or protestants as long as they were loyal to her as Queen. 

1560 The first surviving rough sketch plan of Leeds. Now kept in the Public Record Office. Leeds Bridge is called Ledes Bridge.
1586 A description by William Camden. Elmet is mentioned, this is the area between the River Aire and River Wharf.
1588 Spanish Armarda

House of Stuart

James I 1603-25

James was the son of Mary Queen of Scots and James was already King of Scotland.  He also became king of England on the death of Elizabeth I

Gunpowder Plot 1605

The Slimy Stuarts (Horrible Histories)      The Gunpowder Plot: Terror and Faith in 1605

17th Century Leeds is the main town in the country for selling cloth

Mill Hill Chapel
founded

More public houses, shops and merchant houses are being built.

1612 A written survey of the manor of Leeds
1615 Moot Hall Built in Briggate
 

Charles I 1625-49

1626 King Charles 1 awards Charter of Incorporation, the Leeds Corporation, a self-governing borough of 21,000 acres consisting of 13 villages and a number of hamlets, besides Leeds its self.
The Golden Fleece adopted as the coat of arms, because of the importance of the woolen industry to the town.
1628 Red Hall built near the junction of The Headrow and Albion Street. Reputably the first house in Leeds to be built in brick. Most buildings were oak framed wattle and daub walls and thatched roof. Some were built of stone.
1634 St John's Church built.
 

English Civil War
   

Although Known as the English Civil War, it encompassed all of Britain and actually started in Scotland.

1642 Civil War begins. Leeds garrisoned by the Kings troops, after attacking Parliamentary forces in Bradford they were repulsed and retreated back to Leeds. Main battles at the fortifications near St John's Church. Royalists defeated and retreat to York. The Royalists later retook Leeds and gained Bradford but were defeated at the battle of Marsden Moor
1643 Parliamentary forces march on Leeds and gather at Woodhouse Moor where the University now stands. attack Leeds and just South of Leeds Bridge and near the start of Burh Lane (Boar Lane). General Sir Thomas Fairfax captures Leeds for the Parliamentary forces
1645 Bubonic plague kills over a 1000, 1 in five of the population of 6,500.
1647 King Charles 1 kept a prisoner in Red Hall, King Charles Street, Leeds The King Charles Hotel, (demolished in 1970's), being named after this event.
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History Pages Menu
Page
Time Period
Monarch(s)
Major Events
1
Early - 1216 Edward the Confessor  Harold II.   William I (the Conqueror).   William II .    Henry I .   Stephen. Matilda.   Henry II.   Richard I the Lionheart.   John

Viking, Roman and Saxon Eras
Battle of Hastings 1066
Magna Carta 1215.

2
1216 - 1471 Henry III.   Edward I. II. III.   Richard II.    Henry IV. V. VI  
3
1461 - 1649 Edward IV. V.   Richard III.   Henry VII. VIII.    Edward VI.   Lady Jane Grey.   Mary I.   Elizabeth I.   James I.   Charles I The Armarda 1588.  
Gunpowder Plot 1605
Civil War 1642–48.
4
1625 - 1727 Oliver Cromwell.   Richard Cromwell.   Charles II.    Mary II.   William III.  Anne.   George I   
5
1727 - 1837 George II. III. IV.   William IV  
6
1837 - 1901 Victoria Crimean War 1854-56.   Boer War 1899-1902
7
1901 - 1936 Edward VII.   George V.   Edward VIII 1st World War
8
1936 - 1952 George VI 2nd World War
9
1952 - now Elizabeth II Falklands War 1982.
Gulf War on January 9 1996.
Gulf War II week one March 19. 2003.

 

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